Pengertian Umum dari Simple Sentence
Simple sentence berisi satu kombinasi Subject (S) dan
Verb (V). Berikut contoh sederhana dari simple sentence (kalimat sederhana).
- Ali plays football
everyday. (Subject ialah `Ali` dan verb `plays`.) - The student often sleeps early
at night. (Subject `the student` dan verb `sleeps`) - Budi and
Ali are friends. (Subject Budi and Ali dan verb are. Kalimat ini
tetap dianggap simple sentence karena hanya satu kombinasi subject dan
verb, walaupun subjectnya dua. Dianggap satu kombinasi karena dua subject
yang berbeda tapi tetap menggunakan verb yang sama.) - Anto speak English
fluently and can write in Arabic. (Subjectnya ialah `Anto` dan
verb ialah `speaks` dan `can write`. Walaupun dua verb, kalimat ini tetap
dianggap simple sentence karena dua verb yang berbeda tapi subject yang
sama.) - Anto can speak English, but
Budi doesn`t understand English. (Kalimat ini BUKAN simple sentence karena
subject `Anto` dan subject `Budi` memiliki verb yang berbeda. Pola kalimat
ini ialah SV SV. Kalimat ini memiliki dua clause, sementar simple sentence
hanya satu clause, yaitu satu kombinasi subject dan
verb.)
Berikut lebih jauh contoh kalimat simple sentence:
(1) People need vitamins.
(2) The man took a vitamin pill.
(3) There are 3 students in class.
(4) In the summer, Tom walks to his office.
(5) It doesn’t snow in Indonesia.
Latihan soal Simple Sentence untuk tes TOEFL
Dalam soal-soal tes TOEFL, kesalahan yang mesti dihindari ialah
kekurangan Subject atau Verb dan kelebihan Subject atau Verb. Berikut
contoh-contoh soal latihan.
Problems in TOEFL: either the subject or the verb is missing; either
there is an extra subject & an extra verb.
- ___________ was backed up
for miles on the freeway.
(A) Yesterday; (B) In the morning; (C) Traffic; Cars - Engineers ___________ for
work on the new space program.
(A) necessary; (B) are needed; (C) hopefully; (D) next month - The boy ______ going to the
movies with a friend.
(A) he is; (B) he always was; (C) is relaxing; (D) will be - _______ found the movie
theater.
(A) Has; (B) He; (C) Later; (D) When - Beluga whale mothers, for
example, they nurse their calves for some twenty months. - The art of storytelling
almost as old as humanity - An insect, after hatching,
it feeds its young. - Last week built a new house
together near the river.
Beirkut kunci jawaban dari soal diatas.
- Traffic was backed
up for miles on the freeway. - Engineers are
needed for work on the new space program. - The boy is going
to the movies with a friend. - He found the movie
theater. - Beluga whale mothers, for
example, nurse their calves for some twenty months. - The art of
storytelling is almost as old as humanity. - An insect, after
hatching, feeds its young. - Last
week they built a new house together near the river.
Berikut daftar soal TOEFL khusus untuk materi Simple Sentences (S V).
- The art of storytelling ___
almost as old as humanity.
(A) that is (B) is (C) it is (D) being - Duke Ellington wrote ____
during his career.
(A) that over a thousand songs (B) over a thousand songs
(C) over a thousand songs were (D) there were over a thousand songs - Larch and spruce trees ____
in bogs and wet areas of the northern United States.
(A) found (B) are found (C) have found (D) finding - __________images out of
clay, stone, and metal.
(A) The shaping of sculpture (B) Sculpting the shapes
(C) To shape sculpture (D) Sculptors shape - __________dates from the end
of the eighteenth century.
(A) The modern circus (B) That the modern circus (C) While the modern
circus (D) The modern circus that
*NOTE:
Simple sentence juga dikenal dengan istilah `dependent clause`, yaitu clause
yang bisa berdiri sendiri.
