Teks Report Antibiotics beserta soal

Antibiotic is a
drug produced by certain microbes. Antibiotics destroy other microbes that
damage human tissues. They are used to treat a wide variety of diseases,
including gonorrhea, tonsillitis and tuberculosis. Antibiotics are sometimes
called ‘wonder drugs’ because they can cure diseases such as meningitis,
pneumonia and scarlet fever. But when the antibiotics are overused, or misused,
these drugs make a person sensitive being attacked by a superbug.

Antibiotics do not always distinguish between harmless and dangerous microbes.
If a drug destroys too many harmless micro-organism, the pathogenic ones -the
dangerous microbes- will have a greater chance to multiply. This situation often
leads to the development of a new infection called superinfection. Extensive use of some antibiotics may damage organs and tissues. For example, streptomycin, which is used to treat tuberculosis, has caused kidney damage and deafness.

Resistance to antibiotics may be acquired by pathogenic microbes. The
resistant microbes transfer genetic material to non-resistant microbes and cause them to become resistant. During antibiotic treatment, non-resistant microbes  are
destroyed, but resistant types survive and multiply.

To avoid the side effect of antibiotics, you'd better not urge your doctor to
prescribe antibiotics. Keep in mind that antibiotics are only useful for
bacterial infections and have no effect on viruses, so they cannot be used for
children pox, measles, and other viral diseases.

1. Which diseases cannot be cured
by antibiotics?

a. Tonsillitis
b. Meningitis
c. Chicken pox
d. Tuberculosis
e. Scarlet fever

2. What are discussed in
paragraph two and four?

a. Both paragraphs describe how antibiotics work.
b. Both paragraphs tell about the effects of misusing antibiotics.
c. Both paragraphs explain how antibiotics damage organs and tissue.
d. Paragraph two tells what causes the pathogenic microbes multiply and
paragraph four tells how un-resistant microbes become resistant.
e. Paragraph two tells how antibiotics destroy harmless microbes and paragraph
four describes how the pathogenic microbes transfer genetic material to
non-resistant microbes.

3. Choose one from the following
which is not the effect of using antibiotics improperly?

a. Organs and tissues are damaged.

b. The pathogenic microbes multiply.

c. Harmless micro-organism are destroyed.

d. Pathogenic microbes become non-resistant.

e. New infection which is called superinfection develops.